Free guide to starting a UK plant hire companyUpdated October 2026 · Browse all guides

Legal, insurance and safety

Plant hire insurance explained

The insurance a UK plant hire company needs, which covers are a legal requirement, how the hirer's insurance fits in, and the policy conditions that cause most refused claims.

Guide specPHSUG-37
Read time8 min
LevelBeginner
Legal must-haves2
UpdatedOct 2026

Key takeaways

  • Employers' liability is a legal requirement once you employ anyone (minimum £5 million).
  • Plant cover should include your own machines and plant you hire in.
  • Public liability protects you if a machine or your staff injure someone or damage property.
  • Delivery vehicles and trailers need motor and goods-in-transit cover that reflects carrying plant.
  • Read the theft, tracker and unattended-plant conditions before you sign. That's where claims fail.

The cover a hire company needs

Plant and machinery insurance

Covers your machines against theft, fire and accidental damage, both in the yard and out on hire. Make sure it also covers hired-in plant if you cross-hire, and that the sums insured reflect replacement cost, not what you paid at auction.

Public liability

Covers your legal liability if your business injures a member of the public or damages third-party property, for example a machine you delivered damaging a driveway. Many construction customers ask for £5 million or £10 million cover before they'll open an account.

Employers' liability

Compulsory for almost every employer in the UK, with a minimum of £5 million cover. It responds if an employee is injured or made ill at work. Fines apply if you don't have it or don't display the certificate.

Motor, trailer and goods in transit

Your delivery vehicle needs commercial motor cover for the way you use it, the trailer needs to be covered, and the plant itself needs cover while it's being transported, loaded and unloaded.

Other covers to consider

  • Business interruption: lost income after a fire or major theft at the yard.
  • Engineering inspection: many insurers can arrange the statutory inspections for lifting equipment.
  • Contract works and professional indemnity: if you take on wider project or design responsibility.
  • Cyber: if you take online bookings and card payments.
  • Legal expenses: chasing unpaid hire and defending disputes.

Cover at a glance

CoverNeeded byLegally required?
Plant (own and hired-in)Every hire firmNo, but essential and usually required by lenders
Public liabilityEvery hire firmNo, but customers usually require it
Employers' liabilityAnyone with employeesYes, minimum £5m
Commercial motorAnyone delivering plantYes, third party minimum
Goods in transitAnyone delivering plantNo, but essential
Business interruptionFirms with a yard and staffNo
Inspection / engineeringFirms with lifting equipmentThe inspection is required; the policy isn't

Conditions that catch people out

Most rejected plant claims fail on policy conditions rather than cover. Ask your broker specifically about:

  • Theft excess: often higher than the damage excess, sometimes £1,000 – £2,500 or more.
  • Unattended plant: conditions for machines left on site overnight (immobilised, keys removed, secured).
  • Trackers and immobilisers: often required above a certain value, and must be working.
  • Operator restrictions: whether customers' operators must hold certain cards.
  • Territorial limits: where machines can be used.
  • Recovering customer damage: how your policy and your hire terms work together.
  • Security at the yard: fencing, lighting, CCTV or alarm requirements.

The customer's insurance vs yours

Under the CPA Model Conditions, the hirer is normally responsible for the plant while it's on hire, and is expected to insure it. In practice, many small customers don't have hired-in plant cover, so hire firms either insist on proof of cover, offer a damage waiver for a fee, or take a deposit. Decide your approach before the first hire and write it into your terms and conditions.

What affects your premium

  • Value and type of plant, and how much is lifting equipment.
  • Self-drive vs operated hire.
  • Your claims history and experience in the industry.
  • Yard security and location.
  • Trackers, immobilisers and key control.
  • Turnover, number of employees and vehicles.

Working with a broker

Use a broker who specialises in plant and construction. Give them a full asset list with serial numbers and values, describe exactly how you hire (self-drive, operated, cross-hire), and ask for the conditions in writing. Review cover every time you add a machine.

FAQs

Common questions

What insurance does a plant hire company need?
Typically plant and machinery cover (own and hired-in), public liability, employers' liability if you employ anyone, commercial motor and goods-in-transit cover for delivery vehicles, and often business interruption. A specialist broker will tailor it to how you hire.
Is employers' liability insurance compulsory for a plant hire business?
Yes, if you employ anyone, with very limited exceptions. The minimum cover is £5 million.
Who insures the machine when it's on hire?
Under the CPA Model Conditions the hirer is normally responsible and should insure it. Many hire firms also offer a damage waiver or take a deposit, because smaller customers often lack hired-in plant cover.
How much is plant hire insurance?
It depends on fleet value, the type of plant, self-drive or operated hire, security, claims history and staff numbers. Get quotes from at least two specialist brokers once you know your first fleet.

This guide is general information for people setting up a plant hire business in the UK. It is not legal, tax, insurance or financial advice. Rules and thresholds change, so check current guidance on GOV.UK and take advice from an accountant, solicitor or broker before acting.